Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China
Taiwan
台湾省 | |
|---|---|
| Province of Taiwan | |
| Name transcription(s) | |
| • Chinese | 台湾省 (Táiwān Shěng) |
| • Abbreviation | TW / 台 (pinyin: Tái; Hokkien: Tâi; Hakka: Thòi) |
| • Hokkien POJ | Tâi-oân-séng |
| • Hakka PFS | Thòi-vàn-sén or Thòi-vân-sén |
Map showing the location of Taiwan Province | |
| Coordinates: 23°42′N 121°00′E / 23.7°N 121.0°E | |
| Country | China |
| Established from Fujian | 1887 |
| Cession to Japan | 17 April 1895 |
| Transfer to the ROC | 25 October 1945 |
| Claimed by the PRC | 1 October 1949 |
| Capital | Taipei City |
| Largest city | New Taipei City |
| Divisions | See boundary change |
| Government | |
| • National People's Congress Representation | 13 deputies |
| Area | |
• Total | 35,581 km2 (13,738 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 28th |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 23,561,236 |
| • Rank | 26th |
| • Density | 662.19/km2 (1,715.1/sq mi) |
| • Rank | 7th |
| Demonym | Taiwan resident |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic composition | 98% Han Chinese 2% Gaoshan people |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (Beijing Time) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-TW |
| Vehicle registration | 台 |
| GDP (2025 estimate) | CN¥5.78 trillion |
| • Per capita | CN¥247,439 US$ 34,426 |
| HDI (2021) | 0.926 very high |
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"Taiwan" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 台湾省 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 臺灣省 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| China portal |
Taiwan Province is a notional administrative division claimed by the People's Republic of China. Its claimed jurisdiction includes Taiwan and its affiliated islands, the Penghu Islands, and the Senkaku Islands and their affiliated islands; the islands of Kinmen and Matsu are claimed as part of Fujian Province. The territory of the claimed province, including the entire island of Taiwan, is in actuality administered by the Republic of China (ROC), but is not coextensive with the smaller Taiwan Province of the ROC, while the Senkaku Islands are administered by Japan.
The political status of Taiwan is complex. The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949 near the end of the Chinese Civil War. The PRC considers itself the successor state of the pre-1949 ROC and the sole legitimate government of "China" and claims Taiwan as part of its territory under the One China principle. However, the PRC has not controlled Taiwan since its establishment in 1949. The Taiwan Area, including all of the territory claimed by PRC as a province, has been continuously administered by the government of the Republic of China (ROC) since the Japanese surrender of World War II. The PRC proposed that under a hypothetical unification Taiwan would become a special administrative region rather than a province.
The PRC constitution asserts Taiwan as part of PRC's territories. While the PRC claims Taiwan as part of its territory, it recognises Taiwan is outside its actual territory of control and does not maintain a government in exile for Taiwan Province. However, the National People's Congress reserves a position for legislators that represent Taiwan, most of whom are of Taiwanese descent but were born in and are residents of mainland China. The Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council of China is the part of the PRC government that has responsibility over Taiwan-related matters, but it is neither tasked with, nor presented as, a shadow administration for Taiwan. Instead, the ROC government currently based in Taiwan is referred to by the PRC as the "Taiwan authorities".