Premier of China

Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国国务院总理
Incumbent
Li Qiang
since 11 March 2023
State Council of the People's Republic of China
StyleComrade (同志)
(formal)
His Excellency (阁下)
(diplomatic)
TypeHead of government
StatusNational-level official
Member of
Reports toNational People's Congress and its Standing Committee
ResidencePremier's Office, Zhongnanhai, Beijing
SeatBeijing
NominatorPresident
(chosen within the Chinese Communist Party)
AppointerNational People's Congress
Term lengthFive years, renewable once consecutively
Constituting instrumentConstitution of China
PrecursorPremier of the Government Administration Council of the Central People's Government
Inaugural holderYikuang (Qing dynasty)
Zhou Enlai (current form)
Formation8 May 1911 (1911-05-08) (Premier of the Imperial Cabinet)
12 March 1912 (1912-03-12) (Republican era)
1 October 1949 (1949-10-01) (Premier of the Government Administration Council of the Central People's Government)
27 September 1954 (1954-09-27) (Premier of the State Council)
Unofficial namesPrime Minister
DeputyVice Premier
State councillor
SalaryCN¥150,000 per annum est. (2015)
Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
Simplified Chinese中华人民共和国国务院总理
Traditional Chinese中華人民共和國國務院總理
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guówùyuàn Zǒnglǐ
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese国务院总理
Traditional Chinese國務院總理
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGuówùyuàn Zǒnglǐ

The premier of China, officially the Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, is the head of government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and leader of the State Council, the executive organ of the National People's Congress and highest administrative organ of state power.

The post of prime minister was established in 1911 near the end of the Qing dynasty. After the PRC was established in 1949, the premier of the Government Administration Council of the Central People's Government was established. With the adoption of a constitution in 1954, the post was renamed into the premier of the State Council. The premier is the third-highest-ranking official in China's political system after the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (party leader) and the president (state representative), and holds the highest rank in the civil service of the central government. Since 1993, the positions of general secretary and president have been held by the same person, making the premier effectively the second-highest-ranking official in practice.

The premier presides over the plenary and executive meetings of the State Council, and assumes overall leadership over the State Council's work. The premier delivers a government work report at the annual session of the National People's Congress (NPC). The premier also signs administrative regulations passed by the State Council and signs the orders approving the appointment and removal of vice-ministerial level officials of the State Council, as well as chief executives of Hong Kong and of Macau. The premier additionally has the authority to impose martial law. The premier is assisted by four vice premiers and state councillors in their duties. The premier heads the Leading Party Members Group of the State Council. In China's political system, the premier has generally been considereed to be the one responsible for managing the economy.

The premier is constitutionally appointed by the NPC after being nominated by the president, and responsible to NPC and its Standing Committee. The premier serves for a five-year term, renewable once consecutively. Every premier has been a member of the CCP Politburo Standing Committee since the PRC's founding in 1949, except during brief transition periods. The incumbent premier is Li Qiang, who took office on 11 March 2023, succeeding Li Keqiang.