Tang of Shang

Tang
Depiction of King Tang by Ma Lin
King of the Shang dynasty
Reignc. 1600 BC - c. 1587 BC
PredecessorPosition established
Shi Gui of Predynastic Shang
Successor
Leader of the Predynastic Shang
Reign? - c. 1600 BC
PredecessorShi Gui
SuccessorPosition abolished
Bornc. 1670 B.C.
Predynastic Shang
Diedc. 1587 B.C.
Bo (, modern-day Shangqiu, Henan)
SpouseBi Jia (妣甲)
Bi Bing (妣丙)
IssueDa Ding, Bu Bing
Names
Temple name
Taizu (太祖), Tai Yi (太乙), or Da Yi (大乙)
Cheng Tang
Traditional Chinese成湯
Simplified Chinese成汤
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinChéng Tāng
Wade–GilesChʻêng2 T'ang1
IPA[ʈʂʰə̌ŋtʰáŋ]
Wu
RomanizationZen2 Thaon1
Yue: Cantonese
JyutpingSing4 Tong1
IPA[sɪŋ˩tʰɔŋ˥]
Southern Min
Tâi-lôTshiânn Thng/Thong
Middle Chinese
Middle ChineseDzyeng Thang
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)[d]eŋ r̥ˤaŋ
Zhengzhang/*djeŋ l̥ʰaːŋ/
Temple name
Chinese太乙
大乙
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinTài Yǐ
Dà Yǐ
IPA[tʰâɪ ì]
[tâ ì]
Wu
Romanizationtha5 iq7
du6 iq7
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutpingtaai3 jyut3
daai6 jyut3
IPA[tʰaj˧ jyt̚˧]
[taj˨ jyt̚˧]
Middle Chinese
Middle ChinesethajH 'it
dajH 'it
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)l̥ˤa[t]-s qrət
lˤat-s qrət
Zhengzhang/*tʰaːds qriɡ/
/*daːds qriɡ/
Birth name
Traditional Chinese子履
Simplified Chinese子履
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyinzǐ lǚ
Wade–Gilestzu33
Wu
Romanizationtsy6 li6
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutpingzi2 lei5
Middle Chinese
Middle ChinesetsiX lijX
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)/*[ts]əʔ [r]ijʔ/
Zhengzhang/*ʔslɯʔ riʔ/

Tang of Shang, (c. 1670 B.C. to c. 1587 B.C., born Zi Lü), recorded on oracle bones as Tai Yi or Da Yi, was the first king of the Shang dynasty. Tang is traditionally considered a virtuous ruler, as signified by his posthumous epithet Cheng Tang. According to legend, as the last leader of the Predynastic Shang he overthrew Jie, the last king of the Xia dynasty. As his reign precedes the Late Shang era, records of his life and reign are limited to oracle bone inscriptions and posthumous works.