Tây Sơn dynasty
Đại Việt 大越國 Đại Việt Quốc | |||||||||||||
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| 1778–1802 | |||||||||||||
Map of Đại Việt in the 1790. Tây Sơn-controlled territory
Nguyễn Ánh's reclaimed territory in the south | |||||||||||||
Political division of Vietnam at the end of the 18th century: Territory controlled by Nguyễn Huệ Territory controlled by Nguyễn Nhạc | |||||||||||||
| Status | De jure Duchy (fief) within Lê dynasty of Đại Việt (1778–1788) Internal imperial system within Qing tributary (1789–1802) Rump state (1801–1802) | ||||||||||||
| Capital | Đồ Bàn (1776–1788) Phú Xuân (1788–1801) Bắc Thành (1801–1802) | ||||||||||||
| Official languages | Vietnamese (written in Chữ Nôm) | ||||||||||||
| Religion | Vietnamese folk religion, Buddhism, Taoism, Catholicism, Islam | ||||||||||||
| Government | Rebel governance (1771–1778) Absolute monarchy (1955–1965) | ||||||||||||
| Emperor | |||||||||||||
• 1778–1788 | Thái Đức | ||||||||||||
• 1788–1792 | Quang Trung | ||||||||||||
• 1792–1802 | Cảnh Thịnh (last) | ||||||||||||
| Legislature | None (rule by decree) | ||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||
• Tây Sơn rebellion emerged | 1771 | ||||||||||||
• Nguyễn Nhạc established Tây Sơn dynasty | 1778 | ||||||||||||
• Lê dynasty collapsed | 3 February 1789 | ||||||||||||
• Nguyễn Ánh captured Đông Kinh | 18 June 1802 | ||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||
• 1800 | unknown, circa 10 million | ||||||||||||
| Currency | Copper-alloy and zinc cash coins | ||||||||||||
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| Today part of | Vietnam China Laos Cambodia | ||||||||||||
| Nguyễn Tây Sơn | |
|---|---|
| Country | Kingdom of Đại Việt (Vietnam) |
| Founded | 18th century |
| Founder | Nguyễn Nhạc |
| Final ruler | Nguyễn Quang Toản |
| Titles | |
| Estate(s) | Quy Nhơn, Phú Xuân, Phượng Hoàng Trung Đô |
| Deposition | 1802 |
| History of Vietnam |
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| Vietnam portal |
The Tây Sơn dynasty (Vietnamese: [təj ʂəːn]; Vietnamese: "Nhà Tây Sơn" or "Triều Tây Sơn", (chữ Hán: 朝西山; Chữ Nôm: 茹西山), officially Đại Việt (Chữ Hán: 大越), was an imperial dynasty of Vietnam. It originated in a revolt led by three peasant brothers with the surname Nguyễn, rebelling against the Lê dynasty, Trịnh lords and Nguyễn lords (no relation). The Tây Sơn would later be succeeded by the Nguyễn dynasty.
The Tây Sơn dynasty ended the century-long war between the Trịnh and Nguyễn families, overthrew the Lê dynasty, and united the country for the first time in 200 years. They acknowledged Qing suzerainty and gained recognition from the Qianlong Emperor as the legitimate rulers of Vietnam. Under the most prominent of the Tây Sơn brothers Nguyễn Huệ (Emperor Quang Trung) Vietnam experienced several years of relative peace and prosperity. But Quang Trung died relatively young at the age of 40 and his successor Cảnh Thịnh, aged 9, was unable to prevent civil conflict among the Tây Sơn court which allowed the last Nguyễn lord Nguyễn Ánh to retake the south of Vietnam, extinguish the Tây Sơn and establish the Nguyễn dynasty.