January 28 incident

"Shanghai Incident" redirects here. For the 1937 conflict known as Second Shanghai incident, see Battle of Shanghai.

January 28 incident
Part of the interwar period

The Chinese 19th Route Army in a defensive position
Date (1932-01-28) (1932-03-03)January 28 – March 3, 1932
(1 month and 4 days)
Location
In and around Shanghai city in the Republic of China
Result Ceasefire;
Shanghai demilitarized
Belligerents
China Japan
Commanders and leaders

19th Route Army:

5th Army:

Commander:

Chief of staff:

Units involved
19th Route Army
5th Army		 Shanghai Expeditionary Army
 Imperial Japanese Navy
Strength
50,000 30,000
80 ships
300 aeroplanes
Casualties and losses
Western Claim:
4,000 KIA
10,000 civilians killed

Chinese Claim:
216 officers and 3,999 soldiers killed
677 officers and 9,153 soldiers wounded
26 officers and 730 soldiers missing
Total: 14,801 killed, wounded, or missing (including 919 officers and 13,882 soldiers)

Western Estimate:
3,000 KIA

Japanese Claim:
738 killed
2,257 wounded

The January 28 incident or Shanghai incident (January 28 – March 3, 1932) was a conflict between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. In apparent response to a mob attack on Japanese Buddhist monks, the Japanese in Shanghai rioted and burned down a factory, killing two Chinese. Heavy fighting broke out, and China appealed to the League of Nations. A truce was finally reached on May 5, calling for Chinese military withdrawal, and an end to Chinese boycotts of Japanese products. It is seen as the first example of a modern war waged in a large city between two heavily equipped armies and as a preview of what was to come during the Second World War.

The episode helped undermine civilian rule in Tokyo; Prime Minister Inukai Tsuyoshi was assassinated on May 15, 1932.

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