National Assembly (Republic of China)

National Assembly
National Assembly
Traditional Chinese	國民大會
Simplified Chinese	国民大会
Literal meaning	Assembly of the Nationals
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Guómín Dàhuì
Bopomofo	ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ
Wade–Giles	Kuo²-min² Ta⁴-hui⁴
Hakka
Pha̍k-fa-sṳ	Koet-mìn Thai-fi
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ	Kok-bîn Tāi-hōe
Tâi-lô	Kok-bîn Tāi-huē

National Assembly

國民大會

Guómín Dàhuì (Mandarin Pinyin)
Kuo²-min² Ta⁴-hui⁴ (Wade-Giles)
Kok-bîn Tāi-hōe (Taiwanese)
Koet-mìn Thai-fi (Hakka)
National Assembly ; 國民大會; Guómín Dàhuì (Mandarin Pinyin); Kuo²-min² Ta⁴-hui⁴ (Wade-Giles); Kok-bîn Tāi-hōe (Taiwanese); Koet-mìn Thai-fi (Hakka)
Type
Type	Constitutional convention; Presidential electoral college
History
Founded	29 March 1948
Disbanded	In mainland China:; 1 October 1949 (Proclamation of the PRC, de facto); In Taiwan:; 7 June 2005 (Constitution amended, subject to a Sunset clause)
Preceded by	National Assembly (Beiyang government)
Succeeded by	In mainland China:; Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and later National People's Congress; In Taiwan:; Direct presidential elections, constitutional referendums, Legislative Yuan, and Constitutional Court of Judicial Yuan
Seats	3,045 (1947); 300 (2005);
Elections
Voting system	Single non-transferable vote (1947–2000); Party-list proportional representation (2005);
First general election	21 November 1947
Last general election	14 May 2005
Meeting place
	National Great Hall, Nanjing (1948); Zhongshan Hall, Taipei (1954–1966); Chung-Shan Building, Taipei (1972–2005)
Constitution
	Additional Articles and the original; Constitution of the Republic of China

The National Assembly was the authoritative legislative body of the Republic of China, from 1947 to 2005. Along with the Control Yuan (upper house) and the Legislative Yuan (lower house), the National Assembly formed the tricameral parliament of the Republic of China.

Similar to other electoral colleges, the National Assembly had elected the President and Vice President under the 1947 Constitution of the Republic of China with the role of the constituent assembly that aimed to amend the country's constitution.

The first National Assembly was elected in November 1947 and met in Nanjing in March 1948. However, in the next year, the Kuomintang-led government of the Republic of China lost mainland China in the Civil War and retreated to Taiwan. The National Assembly resumed its meeting in Taipei in 1954. In the 1990s, its parliamentary powers were gradually transferred to the Legislative Yuan and direct democracy exercised by the de facto residents before constitutional amendments made it a dormant body in 2000 and dissolved it (subject to a sunset clause) in 2005.