Judicial Yuan
| Judicial Yuan (Constitutional Court) | |
|---|---|
| 司法院 Sīfǎ Yuàn (Mandarin) Su-hoat Īⁿ (Taiwanese) Sṳ̂-fap Yen (Hakka) | |
The Judicial Building houses the Constitutional Court | |
Interactive map of Judicial Yuan (Constitutional Court) | |
| 25°02′16″N 121°30′44″E / 25.0379°N 121.5121°E | |
| Established | 1947 |
| Dissolved | 1 October 1949 (Mainland China) |
| Jurisdiction | Mainland China (1947–1949) Taiwan Area (from 1949) |
| Location | Zhongzheng, Taipei |
| Coordinates | 25°02′16″N 121°30′44″E / 25.0379°N 121.5121°E |
| Composition method | Presidential appointment with Legislative Yuan consent |
| Authorised by | Additional Articles and original Constitution of the Republic of China |
| Judge term length | 8 years |
| Number of positions | 15 |
| Website | judicial.gov.tw |
| President and Chief Justice | |
| Currently | Shieh Ming-yan acting |
| Since | November 1, 2024 |
| Vice President and Justice | |
| Currently | Post vacant |
| Since | November 1, 2024 |
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| Chinese | 司法院 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Judicial Yuan (Chinese: 司法院; pinyin: Sīfǎ Yuàn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Su-hoat Īⁿ) is the judicial branch of the Republic of China, which previously ruled the mainland and now controls Taiwan. It functions as the Constitutional Court and oversees the courts of Taiwan, including the ordinary courts such as the Supreme Court, high courts, and district courts as well as special courts like administrative, and disciplinary courts. The Judicial Yuan holds the following powers:
- Interpretation – Acting as the Constitutional Court to interpret the Constitution and other statutes and regulations made by the central or local government.
- Adjudication – Most civil, criminal, and administrative cases are adjudicated by the respective courts supervised by the Judicial Yuan. The Constitutional Court adjudicate presidential impeachment and political party dissolution cases.
- Discipline – Disciplinary measures with respect to public functionaries are adjudicated by the Disciplinary court.
- Judicial Administration – The Judicial Yuan supervises administrative affairs of all courts established by Taiwanese law.
According to the current Constitution, the Constitutional Court consists of fifteen justices. One justice acts as the president of the court, and another acts as the vice president. All justices, including the president and vice president, are appointed by the president of the Republic with the consent of the Legislative Yuan. Upon appointment justices have a term limit of eight years, but this term limit does not apply to the president and vice president.