Marquis de Condorcet
Nicolas de Condorcet | |
|---|---|
| Member of the National Convention for Aisne | |
| In office 20 September 1792 – 8 July 1793 | |
| Preceded by | Louis-Jean-Samuel Joly de Bammeville |
| Succeeded by | Vacant (1794–1795) Successor unknown |
| Constituency | Saint-Quentin |
| Member of the Legislative Assembly for Seine | |
| In office 6 September 1791 – 6 September 1792 | |
| Succeeded by | Joseph François Laignelot |
| Constituency | Paris |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 17 September 1743 Ribemont, Picardy, France |
| Died | 29 March 1794 (aged 50) Bourg-la-Reine, France |
| Party | Girondin |
| Spouse | |
| Children | Alexandrine de Caritat de Condorcet |
| Alma mater | College of Navarre |
| Profession | Scholar, mathematician, philosopher |
| Philosophical work | |
| Era | 18th-century philosophy |
| Region | Western philosophy |
| School | Enlightenment Classical liberalism Economic liberalism |
| Main interests | Mathematics, politics |
| Notable works | Girondin constitutional project, Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind |
| Notable ideas | Progress, Condorcet criterion, Condorcet's jury theorem, Condorcet method, Condorcet's voting paradox |
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Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis of Condorcet (/kɒndɔːrˈseɪ/; French: [maʁi ʒɑ̃ ɑ̃twan nikɔla də kaʁita maʁki də kɔ̃dɔʁsɛ]; 17 September 1743 – 29 March 1794), known as Nicolas de Condorcet, was a French philosopher, political economist, politician, and mathematician. His ideas, including support for free markets, public education, constitutional government, and equal rights for women and people of all races, and a welfare state have been said to embody the ideals of the Age of Enlightenment, of which he has been called the "last witness", and Enlightenment rationalism. A critic of the constitution proposed by Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles in 1793, the Convention Nationale – and the Jacobin faction in particular – voted to have Condorcet arrested. He died in prison after a period of hiding from the French Revolutionary authorities.