Liberalism in Brazil

Liberalism in Brazil refers to a set of political ideas and parties that, since the nineteenth century, have advocated constitutional government, representative institutions, individual rights, and—at varying times—decentralisation and market-oriented economic policy. In the imperial era, self-described liberals (known as luzias) opposed centralising conservatives (saquaremas) within a constitutional monarchy; in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, "liberal" labels have been adopted by a variety of organisations spanning centre to right, reflecting Brazil's fragmented party system and shifting ideological coalitions.

Since the 1985 return to civilian rule, parties that academics classify as liberal or liberal-conservative have included the Liberal Front Party (later Democrats), the Brazilian Democratic Movement, the Brazilian Social Democracy Party, and more recently groups such as the New Party (NOVO); usage remains contested, with some "liberal" brands aligning with conservative or populist currents.