East Nusa Tenggara

East Nusa Tenggara
Nusa Tenggara Timur
Province of East Nusa Tenggara
Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur
   East Nusa Tenggara in    Indonesia
Interactive map of East Nusa Tenggara
Coordinates: 10°11′S 123°35′E / 10.183°S 123.583°E / -10.183; 123.583
Country Indonesia
RegionLesser Sunda Islands
Established14 August 1958
Capital
and largest city
Kupang
Government
 • BodyEast Nusa Tenggara Provincial Government
 • GovernorEmanuel Melkiades Laka Lena (Golkar)
 • Vice GovernorJohanis Asadoma
 • LegislatureEast Nusa Tenggara Regional House of Representatives (DPRD)
Area
 • Total
46,378.11 km2 (17,906.69 sq mi)
 • Rank13th in Indonesia
Highest elevation2,427 m (7,963 ft)
Population
 (mid 2025 Estimate)
 • Total
5,742,460
 • Rank12th in Indonesia
 • Density123.818/km2 (320.688/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Ethnic groups (2003)22% Atoni
15% Manggarai
12% Sumba
9% Tetum
8% Lamaholot
5% Rotenese
4% Lio
 • Religion (2024)
9.35% Islam
0.55% Marapu
0.08% Hinduism
0.01% other
 • Languages and dialectsIndonesian (official)
Kupang Malay (lingua franca)
Alorese, Blagar, Bunak, Kedang, Komodo, Kui, Lamaholot, Larantuka Malay, Li'o, Palu'e, Rotenese, Sikka, Sumba, Tetum, Uab Meto, and others (regional)
Time zoneUTC+8 (Indonesia Central Time)
ISO 3166 codeID-NT
GDP (nominal)2022
 - TotalRp 118,718 billion (27th)
US$ 8.00 billion
US$ 24.95 billion (PPP)
 - Per capitaRp 21.72 million (34th)
US$ 1,462
US$ 4,564 (PPP)
 - Growth 5.25%
HDI (2024) 0.691 (33rd) – (Medium)
Websitenttprov.go.id

East Nusa Tenggara (Indonesian: Nusa Tenggara Timur; NTT; Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌnusa təŋˌɡara ˈtimʊr], lit.'East Southeast Islands') is the southernmost province of Indonesia. It comprises the eastern portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, facing the Indian Ocean in the south and the Flores Sea in the north, with a total land area of 46,378.11 km2. It consists of some 653 islands (excluding smaller unnamed ones), with the largest ones being Sumba (10,899.41 km2 in area), Flores (15,482.42 km2), and the western part of Timor (14,079.36 km2); the latter shares a land border with the separate nation of East Timor. Also substantial in land area are Alor (2,918.75 km2) and Lembata (1,263.77 km2). The province is subdivided into twenty-one regencies and the regency-level city of Kupang, which is the capital and largest city.

Archaeological research shows that Liang Bua cave in East Nusa Tenggara has been inhabited by humans since about 190,000 years ago. The site was home to early humans, including Homo floresiensis, who were found in the cave's archaeological layers.

East Nusa Tenggara is known for its natural environment and parks, including Komodo National Park, Labuan Bajo, Lake Kelimutu and the area's beaches. The province is rich in culture, with diverse tribes, languages, and traditions such as ikat weaving and the Pasola ceremony in Sumba. East Nusa Tenggara also has a strong missionary history, seen from the majority Catholic population and one of two Indonesian provinces where Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion, alongside South Papua. In addition, its marine ecosystem is very rich, making it a popular destination for divers.