First Maratha invasion of Bengal

First Maratha invasion of Bengal (1742)
Part of Maratha invasions of Bengal
DateApril – September 1742
Location
Bengal Subah (in parts of West Bengal and modern Orissa)
Result Bengal Subah victory
Territorial
changes
Status quo ante bellum
Belligerents
Bengal Subah
Commanders and leaders
Alivardi Khan
Shaikh Masum Khan 
Mir Khairullah Khan
Mustafa Khan
Shamshir Khan
Umar Khan
Sardar Khan
Raham Khan
Musahib Khan 
Saulat Jang
Muhammad Raza (POW)
Mahdi Nisar Khan
Abdul Ali Khan
Zain ud-Din Ahmed Khan
Saif Khan
Mir Habib 
Raghoji I Bhonsle
Bhaskar Pandit
Shesh Rao
Strength
Total: 23,000–26,000
  • 16,000–17,000 reinforcement
10,000 or 12,000 or 20,000 cavalry
Casualties and losses
Heavy Heavy

The First Maratha invasion of Bengal occurred in 1742, led by Bhaskar Pandit under the command of Raghuji Bhonsle, the Maratha ruler of Nagpur. The Marathas aimed to collect chauth and exploit Bengal's wealth, targeting regions like Burdwan, Katwa, Murshidabad, Nadia and Hooghly.

Following the Maratha invasion, Nawab Alivardi Khan took decisive steps to counter the Maratha raids and ultimately expel them from Bengal Subah's territory. Despite the retreat, the invasion devastated Bengal's economy, with contemporary accounts reporting widespread looting and civilian hardship.