Dominican Restoration War

Dominican Restoration War
	; Towns controlled by the Spanish Army in Santo Domingo on 1 December 1864 (solid red), and towns occupied earlier in November 1864 (red outline).
Date	16 August 1863 – 15 July 1865 ; (1 year, 10 months, 4 weeks and 1 day)
Location	Dominican Republic
Result	Dominican victory Restoration of Dominican sovereignty; Withdrawal of Spanish forces; Separation of the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo from Spain; Establishment of the Second Republic;
Belligerents
Dominican Republic	Kingdom of Spain
Commanders and leaders
José Antonio Salcedo X; Gaspar Polanco; Gregorio Luperon; Santiago Rodríguez; Pedro Antonio Pimentel; José María Cabral; Pedro Florentino X;	Pedro Santana; José de la Gándara; Carlos de Vargas; Carlos Palanca Gutiérrez;
Strength
15,000–17,000	51,000 Spanish; 12,000 Dominican auxiliaries
Casualties and losses
4,000 dead; 38 artillery pieces captured	10,888 killed or wounded in action; 20,000–30,000 dead from disease; 10,000 Dominican auxiliaries (battle casualties and disease deaths)

The Dominican Restoration War or the Dominican War of Restoration (Spanish: Guerra de la Restauración), called War of Santo Domingo in Spain (Guerra de Santo Domingo), was a guerrilla war between 1863 and 1865 in the Dominican Republic between Dominican nationalists and Spain, the latter of which had recolonized the country 17 years after its independence. It ended with the withdrawal of Spanish forces from the island.

The war began with Dominican forces crossing the border from Haiti and pushing through enemy positions in the north and central regions. After setting up a government in Santiago, they expanded guerrilla operations in the south and east. Both sides sought to take the other's key city: Dominicans aimed for Santo Domingo, Spaniards for Santiago, but control remained contested until the Spanish withdrew.