Annexation of the Dominican Republic to Spain

Province of Santo Domingo
Provincia de Santo Domingo (Spanish)
Province of Spain
1861–1867

Cities controlled by the Spanish Army by 1 December 1864 (solid red)
Anthem
Marcha Real (Spanish)
(English: 'Royal March')
DemonymDominican
Population 
• 1861
280,000
Government
 • TypeCaptaincy General
Queen 
• 1861–1867
Isabella II of Spain
Governor and Captain-General 
• 1861–1862
Pedro Santana (first)
• 1864–1867
José de la Gándara (last)
History 
• Reincorporation proclaimed
18 March 1861
• Evacuation of last Spanish troops
15 July 1867
Preceded by
Succeeded by
First Dominican Republic
Second Dominican Republic
Today part ofDominican Republic

The Annexation of the Dominican Republic to Spain (Spanish: Anexión de la República Dominicana a España) or Reintegration of Santo Domingo (Reintegración de Santo Domingo) was a four-year period between 1861 to 1867 during which the former Spanish possession of Santo Domingo in the eastern part of the island of Hispaniola, then the independent Dominican Republic, was occupied and annexed by the Spanish Empire, following the request of Dominican dictator Pedro Santana. The period coincided with the American Civil War, during which the United States was unable to enforce the Monroe Doctrine. After fighting an insurgency of two years in the Dominican Restoration War, Spain left the country in 1865. Several Dominicans who sided with Spain left for the Spanish possessions of Cuba and Puerto Rico and played a role in their later struggle for independence.