Citadel of Cổ Loa

Cổ Loa Citadel is a fortified settlement and archaeological site, roughly 17 kilometers north of Hanoi, in the upper plain north of the Red River. Relics of the Bronze Age Phùng Nguyên culture and Đông Sơn culture have been found in Cổ Loa. It might be the first political center of the Vietnamese civilization. The settlement’s concentric walls resemble a snail’s shell; it had an outer embankment covering 600 hectares.