1942
From top to bottom, left to right: The Battle of Stalingrad begins, a major turning point on the Eastern Front; the Battle of Midway sees the United States defeat the Empire of Japan in the Pacific; the Internment of Japanese Americans under Executive Order 9066 forces over 100,000 people into camps; the Fall of Singapore results in the capture of around 80,000 Allied troops; the Doolittle Raid becomes the first U.S. air attack on Japan, boosting morale; the Second Battle of El Alamein forces Axis retreat from Egypt; the Manhattan Project formally launches to develop atomic weapons; the Battle of Los Angeles causes anti-aircraft barrages over California after a false alarm; and the Battle of the Coral Sea halts Japan’s advance toward Australia.
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1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1942nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 942nd year of the 2nd millennium, the 42nd year of the 20th century, and the 3rd year of the 1940s decade.
The Uppsala Conflict Data Program project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 4.62 million. However, the Correlates of War estimates that the prior year, 1941, was the deadliest such year. Death toll estimates for both 1941 and 1942 range from 2.28 to 7.71 million each.