VX Sagittarii

VX Sagittarii

A visual band light curve for VX Sagittarii, plotted from AAVSO data
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Sagittarius
Right ascension 18h 08m 04.04831s
Declination −22° 13′ 26.6327″
Apparent magnitude (V) 6.5 - 14.0
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage OH/IR (ERSG/RHG, AGB/Super-AGB, or TŻO)
Spectral type M4eIa - M10eIa
Apparent magnitude (U) 11.72
Apparent magnitude (B) 9.41
Apparent magnitude (V) 6.52
Apparent magnitude (I) 2.11
Apparent magnitude (J) 1.23
Apparent magnitude (H) 0.13
Apparent magnitude (K) −0.50
Apparent magnitude (L) −1.61
Variable type SRc
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+6.47±3.37 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: +0.36±0.76 mas/yr
Dec.: −2.92±0.78 mas/yr
Parallax (π)0.64±0.04 mas
Distance5,100 ± 300 ly
(1,560 ± 100 pc)
Details
Mass10 to 12 M
Radius1,360+250
−230
, between 1,120 and 1,550, 1,350–1,940 (pulsation), 1,480 R
Luminosity195,000±62,000 L
Temperature2,900 (near min), 3,200-3,400 (near max), 2,400–3,300 K
Other designations
VX Sgr, AAVSO 1802-22, BD−22°4575, CD−22°12589, HD 165674, HIP 88838, 2MASS J18080404-2213266
Database references
SIMBADdata

VX Sagittarii (abbreviated to VX Sgr) is a luminous cool OH/IR pulsating variable star with an unusually large magnitude range located in the constellation of Sagittarius and more than one kiloparsec away from the Sun. Although it is often treated as an unusually cool red supergiant (or hypergiant), it may be instead either an extremely large asymptotic giant branch star or a possible but unlikely Thorne–Żytkow object. Nonetheless, it is one of the largest stars discovered and also one of the most luminous and massive cool stars in the Milky Way, with a radius pulsating between 1,350 and 1,940 solar radii (940,000,000 and 1.35×109 km; 6.3 and 9.0 au).

Assuming it is an AGB star, VX Sgr would be the most luminous known of its kind, exceeding the theoretical limit for the bolometric magnitude at −8.0.