Red Pyramid
| The Red Pyramid of Dahshur | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Location within Egypt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sneferu | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coordinates | 29°48′30″N 31°12′21″E / 29.80833°N 31.20583°E | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ancient name |
Bitj Ḫˁ Snfrw Biti Kha Sneferu "Sneferu Shines in the North" "The Northern Shining Pyramid" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Constructed | Fourth Dynasty | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type | True pyramid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Material | Limestone | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Height | 105 m (344 ft; 200 cu) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Base | 220 m (722 ft; 420 cu) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Volume | 1,694,000 m3 (2,216,000 cu yd) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Slope | 43°22' | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Red Pyramid, also called the North Pyramid, is the largest of the pyramids located at the Dahshur necropolis in Cairo, Egypt. It is the third largest Egyptian pyramid, after those of Khufu and Khafre at Giza. It is believed to be Egypt's first successful attempt at constructing a "true" smooth-sided pyramid.
The pyramid is named for the rusty reddish hue of its limestone, but it was not originally red – it was clad in white Tura limestone. During the Middle Ages, much of the cladding was taken for buildings in Cairo, exposing the red limestone. Only a few white blocks remain, at the pyramid's base.
Local residents refer to the Red Pyramid as el-heram el-watwaat, meaning the Bat Pyramid.