Fourth Dynasty of Egypt

Fourth Dynasty of Egypt
c. 2613 BC–c. 2498 BC
The Great Pyramid of Giza, built by King Khufu ("Cheops"), ca. 2600 BC
CapitalMemphis
Common languagesEgyptian language
Religion
Ancient Egyptian religion
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy
Monarch 
• c. 2613–c. 2589 BC (first)
Sneferu
Historical eraBronze Age
• Established
c. 2613 BC
• Disestablished
c. 2498 BC
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Third Dynasty of Egypt
Fifth Dynasty of Egypt

The Fourth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty IV) is characterized as a "golden age" of the Old Kingdom of Egypt. Dynasty IV lasted from c. 2613 to c. 2498 BC. It was a time of peace and prosperity as well as one during which trade with other countries is officially documented.

The Fourth Dynasty heralded the height of the pyramid-building age. The peaceful rule of the Third Dynasty allowed artistic expressions to flourish. Building experiments done by King Sneferu led to the evolution of mastaba tombs into the smooth-sided pyramids like those seen on the Giza Plateau. According to some historians, no other period in Egyptian history equaled the accomplishments achieved during the Fourth Dynasty.