Independence movement in Puerto Rico

The independence movement in Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States, involves all activities seeking the independence of the archipelago and island as a sovereign state. The movement is most commonly represented by the light blue flag of Puerto Rico and the light blue flag of Grito de Lares.

Since the 19th century, individuals and entities have advocated independence through violent rebellious and peaceful civic engagement actions. Under the rule of the Spanish Empire (1493–1898), the Revolutionary Committee claimed independence in the revolts of Grito de Lares (Cry of Lares) and Intentona de Yauco (Attempted Coup of Yauco). Under the sovereignty of the United States (1898–present), the Nationalist Party (PNPR) called for independence using political violence, while the Independence Party (PIP) and Citizens’ Victory Movement (CVM) continue to peacefully promote independence through elections.

The political status of Puerto Rico is an ongoing debate centered around various options: statehood as a U.S. state, commonwealth as an unincorporated U.S. territory, free association with the U.S. as a sovereign freely associated state, and independence from the U.S. as a sovereign state.