Mongol invasion of Circassia

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Mongol invasion of Circassia
	Part of the Mongol invasions and conquests
Date	1237
Location	Circassia
Territorial; changes	Circassian and Alan plains fell to the Mongols, coastal and mountainous Circassia remained independent.
Belligerents
Mongol Empire	Zichia (Circassia); Kingdom of Alania
Commanders and leaders
Ögedei Khan	Tuqar †; Tuqbash †; Khour I
Strength
200,000	Unknown

The Mongol invasion of Circassia and Alania was the invasion of Zichia (Circassia) and Alania by the Mongol Empire in 1237. William of Rubruck, who travelled to the Caucasus in 1253, wrote that the Circassians had never "bowed to Mongol rule", despite the fact that a whole fifth of the Mongol armies were at that time devoted to the task of crushing the Alano-Circassian resistance. Circassians and Alans made use of both the forests and the mountains, and waged a successful guerrilla war, maintaining their freedom to some extent.