Metro Manila

Metro Manila
Kalakhang Maynila
Kamaynilaan
National Capital Region
Motto: 
Dangal nitong Bayan!
Interactive map of Metro Manila
Coordinates: 14°35′N 121°00′E / 14.58°N 121°E / 14.58; 121
Country Philippines
IslandLuzon
Managing entityMetropolitan Manila Development Authority
EstablishedNovember 7, 1975 (as a public corporation)
January 23, 1976 (as a region)
June 2, 1978 (as the NCR)
Composed of
1 municipality
Government
 • TypeMetropolitan government under a decentralized framework
 • BodyMetropolitan Manila Development Authority
 • MMDA ChairmanRomando Artes
 • Metro Manila Council PresidentFrancis Zamora
Area
 • Region
636.00 km2 (245.56 sq mi)
 • Metro
7,967.95 km2 (3,076.44 sq mi)
Population
 (2024 census)
 • Region
14,001,751
 • Rank2nd Region in Philippines
10th in Asia
 • Density22,015.3/km2 (57,019/sq mi)
 • Metro
26,700,000
Demonym(s)English: Manilan, Manileño;
Spanish: manilense, manileño(-a)
Filipino: Manileño(-a), Manilenyo(-a), taga-Maynila
GDP (Nominal, 2024)
 • RegionUS$143.8 billion
 • Per capitaUS$10,426
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
IDD:area code+63 (0)2
ISO 3166 codePH-00
Languages
  • Filipino (official and lingua franca)
  • others
HDI 0.85 (Very high)
HDI rank2nd (2019)
Websitemmda.gov.ph

Metropolitan Manila (Filipino: Kalakhang Maynila [kalakˌhaŋ maɪˈnilaʔ]), commonly shortened to Metro Manila and formally the National Capital Region (NCR; Filipino: Pambansang Punong Rehiyon), is the capital region and largest metropolitan area of the Philippines. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay, the region lies between the Central Luzon and Calabarzon regions. Encompassing an area of 636.00 km2 (245.56 sq mi) and with a population of 13,484,462 as of 2020, it consists of sixteen highly urbanized cities: Manila—the capital cityCaloocan, Las Piñas, Makati, Malabon, Mandaluyong, Marikina, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Parañaque, Pasay, Pasig, Quezon City, San Juan, Taguig, and Valenzuela, along with one independent municipality, Pateros. As the second most populous and the most densely populated region in the Philippines, it ranks as the 7th most populous metropolitan area in Asia and the 8th most populous urban area in the world.

The region is the center of culture (including arts and entertainment), economy, education, and the government. Designated as a global power city, the region exerts a significant impact on commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment both locally and internationally. It is home to all embassies in the Philippines, making it an important center for international diplomacy in the country. Its economic power establishes the region as the country's premier center for finance and commerce. The region accounts for 36% of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the Philippines. Greater Manila is the fourth largest ASEAN country subdivision by GDP, after Singapore, and the Jakarta, and Bangkok metropolitan regions.

In 1975, in response to the need to sustain and provide integrated services to the growing population, the built-up area centered on Manila was formally recognized as a metropolitan area through Presidential Decree No. 824. A year later, Presidential Decree No. 879 established Metro Manila as an administrative region, retaining its earlier status as a metropolis, and designated it as Region IV, with the remainder of the Southern Tagalog region being designated as Region IV-A. Finally, in 1978, Metro Manila became the National Capital Region (NCR) of the Philippines, discontinuing its numerical designation and reverting Southern Tagalog to its original designation.