Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil

Dona Isabel (29 July 1846 – 14 November 1921), known as "the Redemptress" (A Redentora), was the Princess Imperial of Brazil and heiress presumptive to the throne of the Empire of Brazil. She served as regent of the empire on three occasions and was a central figure in Brazilian history during the final decades of the monarchy.

Born in Rio de Janeiro, Isabel was the eldest daughter of Emperor Pedro II and Empress Teresa Cristina, and a member of the Brazilian branch of the House of Braganza (Portuguese: Bragança). Following the deaths of her two younger brothers in infancy, she was formally recognized as her father's heiress presumptive. In 1864, she entered into an arranged marriage with the French prince Gaston, Count of Eu, with whom she had three sons.

During Emperor Pedro II's absences abroad, Isabel exercised the powers of the crown as regent. In her third and final regency, she sponsored and signed the Lei Áurea ("Golden Law") in 1888, which abolished slavery in Brazil. Although emancipation was widely celebrated by the population, it intensified opposition among influential landowners and political elites. Her prospective accession was further contested due to prevailing gender prejudices, her strong Catholic faith, and her marriage to a foreign prince.

In 1889, the Brazilian imperial family was overthrown in the military coup that ended the monarchy. Isabel subsequently lived in exile in France, where she spent the final three decades of her life.