Hasan–Mu'awiya treaty

Hasan–Mu'awiya treaty
Map of the Caliphate: Pre-Unification
(41 AH | 661 CE)
  Region under the control of Hasan ibn Ali
  Region under the control of Mu'awiya I
TypePeace treaty
ContextFirst Fitna
Signed661 AD (41 A.H.)
LocationKufa
ConditionMu'awiya would rule in accordance with the Quran and the Sunnah, and would not appoint a successor after him
PartiesHasan ibn Ali
Mu'awiya I

The Hasan–Mu'awiya treaty was a political peace treaty signed in 661 between Hasan ibn Ali and Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680) to bring the First Fitna (656–661) to a close. Under this treaty, Hasan ceded the caliphate to Mu'awiya on the condition that the latter should rule in compliance with the Quran and the sunnah, a council should appoint his successor, and Hasan's supporters would receive amnesty. Upon accession, Mu'awiya publicly recanted his earlier promises, while Hasan retired from politics in Medina. Throughout his reign, Mu'awiya also prosecuted notable partisans of Hasan and his father Ali.