Judiciary of Egypt

The judicial system (or judicial branch) of Egypt is an independent branch of the Egyptian government which includes both secular and religious courts.

The Egyptian judicial system is primarily based on French Civil Code and, to a lesser extent, upon other European codes and Islamic law.

The legal code in Egypt is largely derived from the Napoleonic Code, whose principles shaped the structure and organization of the law, influencing Egyptian reforms through core legal ideas; trained jurists played a key role in applying these principles locally, while legal texts served as guides for codifying and interpreting laws, and courts gradually adopted these rules in civil and commercial matters, helping to create a more consistent legal system and leaving a lasting impact on Egypt’s law.

Marriage and personal status are primarily based on the religious law of the individual concerned. Thus, there are three forms of family law in Egypt: Muslim, Christian, and Secular (based on the French family laws). The judicial branch plays an important role in the political process in Egypt, as the branch is given the responsibility to monitor and run the country's parliamentary and presidential elections.