Yang Chen-Ning

Yang Chen-Ning
Yang Chen-Ning
楊振寧
	Yang in 1976
Born	October 1, 1922; Hefei, Anhui, Republic of China
Died	October 18, 2025 (aged 103); Beijing, People's Republic of China
Citizenship	Republic of China (1922‍–‍2015); United States (1964–2015); People's Republic of China (2015–2025);
Education	National Southwestern Associated University (BS); National Tsing Hua University (MS); University of Chicago (PhD);
Known for	List Yang–Baxter equation ; Yang-Baxter operator ; Yang–Mills theory ; Byers-Yang theorem ; Landau–Yang theorem ; Lee–Yang theorem ; Lee–Yang theory ; Wu–Yang dictionary ; Wu–Yang monopole ; Fermi–Yang model ; Off-diagonal long-range order ; G-parity ; Parity violation ;
Spouses	Tu Chih-Li (杜致禮) (m. 1950; died 2003); Weng Fan (翁帆) (m. 2005);
Children	3
Awards	List Nobel Prize in Physics (1957) ; Guggenheim Fellowship (1962) ; Fritz London Memorial Lecture (1966) ; Rumford Prize (1980) ; National Medal of Science (1986) ; Oskar Klein Memorial Lecture (1988) ; ForMemRS (1992) ; Benjamin Franklin Medal (1993) ; Bower Award (1994) ; Albert Einstein Medal (1995) ; Bogolyubov Prize (1996) ; Lars Onsager Prize (1999) ; King Faisal Prize (2001) ;
	Scientific career
Fields	Statistical mechanics; Particle physics; Condensed matter physics; Field theory;
Institutions	Stony Brook University; Institute for Advanced Study; CUHK; Tsinghua University; University of Chicago; Chern Institute of Mathematics;
Thesis	On the Angular Distribution in Nuclear Reactions and Coincidence Measurements (1948)
Doctoral advisor	Edward Teller
Other academic advisors	Enrico Fermi
Doctoral students	Bill Sutherland (1968); Brosl Hasslacher (1972); Alexander Wu Chao (1974);
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	杨振宁
Traditional Chinese	楊振寧
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Yáng Zhènníng
Wade–Giles	Yang2 Chên4-ning2
IPA	[jǎŋ ʈʂə̂n.nǐŋ]
Signature

Yang Chen-Ning (simplified Chinese: 杨振宁; traditional Chinese: 楊振寧; pinyin: Yáng Zhènníng; October 1, 1922 – October 18, 2025) also known as C.N. Yang and Franklin Yang, was a Chinese-American theoretical physicist who made significant contributions to statistical mechanics, integrable systems, gauge theory, particle physics and condensed matter physics.

Yang is known for his collaboration with Robert Mills in 1954 in developing non-abelian gauge theory, widely known as the Yang–Mills theory, which describes the nuclear forces in the Standard Model of particle physics.

Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee received the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on parity non-conservation of the weak interaction, which was confirmed by the Wu experiment in 1956. The two proposed that the conservation of parity, a physical law observed to hold in all other physical processes, is violated in weak nuclear reactions – those nuclear processes that result in the emission of beta or alpha particles.