CWISEP J1935−1546

CWISEP J1935−1546

Artist concept of the aurora in W1935
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Sagittarius
Right ascension 19h 35m 18.60792s
Declination −15° 46′ 20.8074″
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage brown dwarf
Spectral type ≥Y1+ >Y1
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−36.9±5.1 km/s
Total velocity42.02±5.33 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 290.2±11.6 mas/yr
Dec.: 43.1±11.5 mas/yr
Parallax (π)69.3±3.8 mas
Distance47 ± 3 ly
(14.4 ± 0.8 pc)
Details
W1935A
Mass12–39 MJup
Radius0.95±0.14 RJup
Surface gravity (log g)4.7±0.5 cgs
Temperature482±38 K
Age4.5±4.0 Gyr
W1935B
Mass7–24 MJup
Temperature360–420 K
Position (relative to W1935A)
ComponentW1935B
Epoch of observation20 September 2022
Angular distance172.2+18.7
−7.7
mas
Position angle148.12+2.86
−1.98
°
Projected separation2.48+0.27
−0.11
AU
Other designations
CWISE J193518.61−154620.7, CWISEP J193518.59−154620.3, W1935
Database references
SIMBADdata

CWISEP J1935−1546 (CWISEP J193518.59−154620.3 or Brown Dwarf W1935 or W1935) is a cold brown dwarf binary or planetary-mass binary with a mass of 2–20 MJ or 6–35 MJ and a distance of 14.4 parsecs (47 light-years).

CWISEP J1935−1546 was discovered in 2019 by Marocco et al. as an extremely cold brown dwarf with a temperature range of 270–360 K (−3–87 °C; 26–188 °F) and a distance of 5.6–10.9 parsecs. It was discovered with the help of the python package XGBoost, using machine-learning algorithms and the CatWISE catalog, as well as the WiseView tool. According to a NASA press release CWISEP J1935−1546 was discovered by the security engineer and citizen scientist Dan Caselden. Follow-up observations with Spitzer revealed a very red object with ch1-ch2 of 3.24±0.31 mag. Later Kirkpatrick et al. 2021 showed a temperature of 367 ± 79 K (93.9 ± 79.0 °C; 200.9 ± 142.2 °F) and a parallax of 69.3±3.8 mas (14.43+0.84
−0.75
parsec) for this object. The spectral type was estimated to be later than Y1. Observations with JWST found strong signatures of methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor and ammonia in the atmosphere of this brown dwarf. The abundance of hydrogen sulfide was measured, but the researchers don't mention its detection. Phosphine is undetected and the researchers only provide upper limits.

Using JWST MIRI imaging it was discovered that CWISEP J1935−1546 is a binary of two Y-dwarfs, only the second discovered Y-dwarf binary after WISE J0336−0143. The researchers did a PSF-subtraction, revealing that it required two sources to successfully subtract the object in F1000W and F1280W filter images. The two objects are separated by 2.48+0.27
−0.11
 AU
and assuming a circular orbit the orbital period would be 16–28 years. The mass ratio is quite low with q=0.55–0.62.