Archaeocroton

Tuatara tick
Female Archaeocroton sphenodonti

Relict (NZ TCS)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Ixodida
Family: Ixodidae
Genus: Archaeocroton
Dumbleton, 1943
Species:
A. sphenodonti
Binomial name
Archaeocroton sphenodonti
(Dumbleton, 1943)
Synonyms
  • Aponomma sphenodonti Dumbleton, 1943
  • Amblyomma sphenodonti
Tuatara ticks on the body of their host, Sphenodon punctatus

Archaeocroton sphenodonti, or the tuatara tick, is a species of tick that parasitises only the tuatara of New Zealand. It is found on just four of the twelve island groups where tuatara survive, preferring islands where the reptiles live in high densities. Larvae, nymphs, and adults all feed exclusively on tuatara blood, and ticks can survive for up to a year without a host. When tuatara are translocated, the tick has been lost or survives only in low densities in the new population. It is the only living species in the genus Archaeocroton.