Women in the United States

Women in the United States
Colorized version of Great Depression photo "Migrant Mother" by Dorothea Lange (1936)
General statistics
Maternal mortality (per 100,000)18.6 (2023)
Women in parliament26.7% (2021)
Women over 25 with secondary education95.4% (2015)
Women in labour force56.0% (2015)
Gender Inequality Index
Value0.179 (2021)
Rank44th out of 191
Global Gender Gap Index
Value0.769 (2022)
Rank27th out of 146

The legal status of women in the United States has advanced significantly over the past two centuries, but not yet equal to that of men in comparison to other high-income democracies.

In the early history of the United States, women were largely confined to domestic roles. Labor shortages during World War II led to an influx of women in the workforce, which helped to build toward the women's liberation movement of the 1960s and '70s. Since then, women have gained greater visibility in public life, but significant legal and cultural gaps remain.

The United States has never ratified the U.N.’s Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and has failed to pass the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), leaving women without explicit constitutional protections against sex discrimination.