Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory

The Zionist Occupation Government, Zionist Occupational Government, or Zionist-Occupied Government (ZOG), sometimes also called the Jewish Occupational Government (JOG), is an antisemitic conspiracy theory claiming that Jews secretly control the government of the United States. More recent versions apply it to the governments of other countries. ZOG is often directly personified as the Anti-Defamation League.

The concept of the "Zionist Occupation Government" and the acronym "ZOG" were coined in a 1976 article by the neo-Nazi activist Eric Thomson. The concept was further developed and spread in the 1970s by American white supremacists, particularly Christian Identity activists, before being imported into Europe. The highly publicized criminal actions of the neo-Nazi group the Order resulted in the terminology rising in popularity among white supremacists.

The expression is used by white supremacist, white nationalist, far-right, or antisemitic groups in Europe and the U.S. Some contemporary militant, authoritarian, and theocratic Islamist and Islamic extremist organizations, including Salafi-jihadist groups, have also used the term "ZOG" in propaganda campaigns. The word Zionist in "Zionist Occupation Government" is used to equate being Jewish with the ideology of Zionism. The theory thus depicts Zionists as conspiring for Jews and Israel to control the world.