Yan'an Soviet
| Shaan–Gan–Ning Border Region 陝甘寧邊區 | |
|---|---|
| Rump state of the Chinese Soviet Republic | |
| 1937–1950 | |
Map of Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region. | |
| Capital | Yan'an (1937–47, 1948–49) Xi'an (1949–50) |
| Area | |
• 1937 | 134,500 km2 (51,900 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 1937 | 1,500,000 |
| Government | |
| Chairman | |
• 1937–1948 | Lin Boqu |
| Deputy Chairman | |
• 1937–1938 | Zhang Guotao |
• 1938–1945 | Gao Zili |
| Historical era | Chinese Civil War |
• 6 September | 1937 |
• Disestablished | 19 January 1950 |
| Today part of | China |
The Yan'an Soviet was a soviet governed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during the 1930s and 1940s, established in North-Central China on the border area between Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia. In October 1936, it became the final destination of the Long March, and served as the CCP's main base until after the Second Sino-Japanese War. After the CCP and Kuomintang (KMT) formed the Second United Front in 1937, the Yan'an Soviet was officially reconstituted as the Shaan–Gan–Ning Border Region (traditional Chinese: 陝甘寧邊區; simplified Chinese: 陕甘宁边区; pinyin: Shǎn gān níng Biānqū; Wade–Giles: Shan3-kan1-ning2 Pien1-ch'ü1). In CCP historiography, Yan'an is celebrated as the most important of revolutionary sites and the birthplace of Mao Zedong Thought.