Western Turkic Khaganate
Western Turkic Khaganate 𐰆𐰣:𐰸:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣 On oq budun | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 581–742 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Greatest extent of the Western Turkic Khaganate c. 625, after the Battle of Bukhara (light brown), and their southern expansion as the Tokhara Yabghus and Turk Shahis (lighter brown) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Status | Khaganate (Nomadic empire)
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| Capital | Navekat (summer capital) Suyab (principal capital) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common languages | Sogdian (coinage, official) Old Turkic | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Tengrism Buddhism Zurvanism Fire worship | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Khagan of the Western Khaganate | |||||||||||||||||||||||
• 587–604 | Niri Qaghan | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yabgu of the Western Khaganate | |||||||||||||||||||||||
• 553–576 | Istämi | ||||||||||||||||||||||
• 576–603 | Tardu | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Early Middle Ages | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 630 | 3,500,000 km2 (1,400,000 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Western Turkic Khaganate (Chinese: 西突厥; pinyin: Xī Tūjué) or Onoq Khaganate (Old Turkic: 𐰆𐰣:𐰸:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣, romanized: On oq budun, lit. 'Ten arrow people') was a Turkic khaganate in Eurasia, which formed as a result of the wars during the beginning of the 7th century (593–603) after the First Turkic Khaganate, which was founded in the 6th century on the Mongolian Plateau by the Ashina clan, split into a western and eastern khaganate.
The confederation as a whole was called Onoq, meaning "ten arrows". According to a Chinese source, the Western Turks were organised into ten divisions.
The khaganate's capitals were Navekat, the summer capital and Suyab, which was the principal capital, both situated in the Chui River valley in Kyrgyzstan, to the east of Bishkek. Tong Yabgu's summer capital was near Tashkent and his winter capital Suyab.
The Eastern Turkic Khaganate was subjugated by the Tang dynasty in 657 and continued as its vassal, before finally collapsing in 742. In the west, the breakup of the Western Turkic Khaganate led to the rise of the Turkic Khazar Khaganate (c. 650–969).