Weighted voting

For voting systems that choose weighted combinations of outcomes, see Fractional social choice.

Weighted voting are voting rules that grant some voters a greater influence than others (which contrasts with rules that assign every voter an equal vote). Such can be produced by some voters having more votes than others, as happens in plural voting, or by group of fewer voters having the same representation as a larger group of voters. It may either be intentional or a negative byproduct of the chosen electoral system.

Examples include publicly-traded companies (which typically grant stockholders one vote for each share they own), and qualified majority in the European Council, where the number of votes of each member state is roughly proportional to the square root of the population, which allows an uneven ratio of voters to members.

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