| Vipera ammodytes
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| Scientific classification
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| Kingdom:
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Animalia
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| Phylum:
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Chordata
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| Class:
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Reptilia
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| Order:
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Squamata
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| Suborder:
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Serpentes
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| Family:
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Viperidae
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| Genus:
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Vipera
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| Species:
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V. ammodytes
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| Binomial name
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Vipera ammodytes
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| Synonyms
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- Coluber Ammodytes Linnaeus, 1758
- Vipera Illyrica Laurenti, 1768
- Vipera ammodytes
— Sonnini & Latreille, 1801
- [Vipera (Echidna)] Ammodytes
— Merrem, 1820
- Cobra ammodytes — Fitzinger, 1826
- [Pelias] Col[uber]. ammodytes
— F. Boie, 1827
- Vipera (Rhinechis) Ammodytes
— Fitzinger, 1843
- V[ipera]. (Vipera) ammodytes
— Jan, 1863
- Vipera ammodytes — Eber, 1863
- Vipera ammodytes
— Boulenger, 1896
- [Vipera ammodytes] var. steindachneri F. Werner, 1897
- Vipera ammodytes [ammodytes]
— Boulenger, 1903
- Vipera ammodytes ammodytes
— Zarevsky, 1915
- Teleovipera ammodytes
— A.F. Reuss, 1927
- Vipera ammodytes ammodytes
— Mertens & L. Müller, 1928
- Rhinaspis illyrica litoralis
A.F. Reuss, 1935
- Rhinaspis illyrica velebitensis
A.F. Reuss, 1935
- Rhinaspis illyrica f[orma]. melanura A.F. Reuss, 1937
- Vipera ammodytes ruffoi
Bruno, 1968
- Vipera (Rhinaspis) ammodytes ammodytes — Obst, 1983
- Vipera ammodytes
— Golay et al., 1993
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Vipera ammodytes, commonly known as horned viper, long-nosed viper, nose-horned viper, and sand viper, is a species of viper found in northern Italy, the Balkans, and parts of Asia Minor. Like all other vipers, it is venomous. It is reputed to be the most dangerous of the European vipers due to its large size, long fangs (up to 13 mm) and high venom toxicity. The specific name, ammodytes, is derived from the Greek words ammos, meaning "sand", and dutes, meaning "burrower" or "diver", despite its preference for rocky habitats. Five subspecies are currently recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here.