Demographics of Vietnam

Demographics of Vietnam
Vietnam population pyramid in 2019
Population102,300,000 (December 2025)
Density310/km²
Growth rate0.97% (2021 est.)
Birth rate15.2 births/1000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate6.1 deaths/1000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy73.6 years (2022 est.)
 • male71.1 years (2022 est.)
 • female76.4 years (2022 est.)
Fertility rate1.91 births/woman (2024)
Infant mortality rate12.1 deaths/1000 live births (2022 est.)
Net migration rate−0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years24% (2019)
15–64 years68.4% (2019)
65 and over7.6% (2019)
Sex ratio
Total0.995 male(s)/female (2022)
At birth1.116 male(s)/female (2022)
Under 151.1 male(s)/female
15–64 years1 male (s)/female
65 and over0.62 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationalitynoun: Vietnamese (singular and plural) adjective: Vietnamese
Major ethnicKinh (85.32%)
Minor ethnic
Language
OfficialVietnamese language
SpokenVietnamese and many minority and mountain area languages

Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Ethnic Vietnamese, or the Viet people (known officially as Kinh), mostly live in the lowlands and speak Vietnamese, while other ethnic groups also speak a variety of languages; together, these communities contribute to the country's diverse demographic composition. Originating in northern Vietnam, the Viet gradually pushed southward and make up much of Vietnam's political landscape. A Vietnamese diaspora can also be found worldwide.

Vietnam's population reached just over 100 million in 2023, making it the 15th largest country by population in the world. It is predicted that by 2035, Vietnam will become an aged society.