Venera 7
Reproduction of the Venera 7 lander at the Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov Museum of Cosmonautics | |||||||||||
| Mission type | Venus lander | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Lavochkin | ||||||||||
| COSPAR ID | 1970-060A | ||||||||||
| SATCAT no. | 4489 | ||||||||||
| Mission duration | Cruise: 3 months and 28 days Lander: 23 minutes | ||||||||||
| Spacecraft properties | |||||||||||
| Spacecraft | 3MV No. 630 | ||||||||||
| Manufacturer | Lavochkin | ||||||||||
| Launch mass | 1,180 kg (2,600 lb) | ||||||||||
| Landing mass | 500 kg (1,100 lb) | ||||||||||
| Start of mission | |||||||||||
| Launch date | 17 August 1970, 05:38:22 UTC | ||||||||||
| Rocket | Molniya-M | ||||||||||
| Launch site | Baikonur 31/6 | ||||||||||
| End of mission | |||||||||||
| Last contact | 15 December 1970, 06:00 UTC | ||||||||||
| Orbital parameters | |||||||||||
| Reference system | Heliocentric | ||||||||||
| Perihelion altitude | 0.69 AU (103 million km) | ||||||||||
| Aphelion altitude | 1.01 AU (151 million km) | ||||||||||
| Inclination | 2.0° | ||||||||||
| Period | 287 days | ||||||||||
| Venus lander | |||||||||||
| Landing date | 15 December 1970, 05:37:10 UTC | ||||||||||
| Landing site | 5°S 351°E / 5°S 351°E | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
Seal of Venera 7 | |||||||||||
Venera 7 (Russian: Венера-7, lit. 'Venus 7') was a Soviet spacecraft, part of the Venera series of probes to Venus. When it landed on the Venusian surface on 15 December 1970, it became the first spacecraft to execute a successful soft landing on another planet and the first to transmit data from there back to Earth.