Voiced velar lateral approximant

Voiced velar lateral approximant
ʟ
IPA number158
Audio sample
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Encoding
Entity (decimal)ʟ
Unicode (hex)U+029F
X-SAMPAL\
Braille
Voiced velar lateral tap
ʟ̆
Audio sample
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Encoding
X-SAMPAL\_X
Voiced uvular lateral approximant
ʟ̠
IPA number158 414
Audio sample
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Encoding
X-SAMPAL\_-

A voiced velar lateral approximant is a type of consonantal sound, used as a distinct consonant in a very small number of spoken languages in the world. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that has represented this sound since 1989 is ⟨ʟ⟩, a small capital letter l.

Velar laterals often involve a prestopped realization [ᶢʟ].

According to Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996), the extremely short duration of /ʟ/ in intervocalic position (20–30 ms) in some of the languages in New Guinea, such as Kanite and Melpa, warrants calling it a voiced velar lateral tap. The IPA has no specific symbol for this sound, but it may be represented with a breve for extra-short, such as ⟨ʟ̆⟩, to indicate a tapped consonant.

It is reported that some dialects of English may have a voiced uvular lateral approximant, which can be represented in the IPA as ⟨ʟ̠⟩ (a retractedʟ⟩), though evidence of this consonant is limited.