Van-Urmia culture

Van-Urmia culture
Middle Bronze Age cultures in northern regions of West Asia
Alternative namesKarmirvank culture, Kyzilvank culture
Geographical rangeUrmia basin, South Caucasus
PeriodBronze Age
Datescirca 2200 B.C.E. — circa 1300 B.C.E.
Major sitesHaftavān Tepe
Preceded byKura-Araxes culture
Followed byGrooved ware, Grey ware


The Van-Urmia culture was a Bronze Age culture responsible for painted ceramics (also called Urmia Ware) that spread around Lake Urmia (north-west Iran) and Lake Van (eastern Anatolia), extending into the parts of the South Caucasus. In post-Soviet sources, it is known as Karmirvank or Kizylvank culture, based on the name of a site in Nakhichevan. The term “Urmia style” or “Urmia Ware” was first applied by archaeologist Michael R. Edwards to pottery found at the site of Haftavān Tepe (in the Urmia basin) at the VI B level of excavation. Later discovery of similar pottery in the Van region prompted the use of the term “Van-Urmia”.