USS Varuna (1861)

USS Varuna, as drawn in 1904
History
United States
NamesakeVaruna
BuilderCharles Mallory & Sons (Mystic, CT)
Cost$127,460 ($4,570,000 today)
Laid downJanuary or February 1861
LaunchedSeptember 1861
Acquired31 December 1861
CommissionedFebruary 1862
FateSunk in action 24 April 1862
General characteristics
TypeScrew gunboat
Tons burthen1,247 tons burthen or 1,300 tons
Length218 ft (66 m)
Beam34 ft 8 in (10.57 m)
Draft12 ft (3.7 m)
Depth of hold18 ft 3 in (5.56 m)
Installed powerVibrating-lever steam engine(s)
PropulsionSingle screw propeller
Speed14 kn (26 km/h; 16 mph) (designed)
Complement157
Armament

USS Varuna was a screw steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. Union naval strategy called for a blockade of the Confederate coastline, but the acquisition of many additional ships was necessary to accomplish this. One of the new vessels purchased was Varuna, which was still under construction when the sale occurred on 31 December 1861. Commissioned in February 1862, she traveled to join the West Gulf Blockading Squadron. The squadron was under the command of Flag Officer David Glasgow Farragut and was tasked with the capture of New Orleans, Louisiana.

In order to reach New Orleans, the Confederate positions at Fort Jackson and Fort St. Philip had to be passed. On the morning of 24 April, Farragut led his ships in an attempt to pass the forts. During the ensuing action, Varuna ran ahead of the other Union ships, and she was engaged in a chase with the Louisiana gunboat Governor Moore. The two ships exchanged cannon fire before Governor Moore rammed Varuna twice. Another Confederate vessel added a third ramming blow. Varuna sank within 15 minutes, but Farragut was able to capture New Orleans.