Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate

The Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate (UOC-KP; Ukrainian: Украї́нська Правосла́вна Це́рква – Ки́ївський Патріарха́т (УПЦ-КП), romanized: Ukrainska Pravoslavna Tserkva — Kyivskyi Patriarkhat (UPTs-KP)) was an Orthodox church in Ukraine, in existence from 1992 to 2018. Its patriarchal cathedral was St Volodymyr's Cathedral in Kyiv.

After its unilateral declaration of autocephaly in 1992, the UOC-KP was not recognised by the other Eastern Orthodox churches, and was considered a "schismatic group" by the Moscow Patriarchate and Ecumenical Patriarchate. Patriarch Filaret (Denysenko) was enthroned in 1995 and excommunicated by the Russian Orthodox Church in 1997, an action not recognized by the UOC-KP synod. In 2018, the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople moved unilaterally and against canonical norms to facilitate a "unification council", in contradiction to his previous statement "recognizing the fullness of the Russian Orthodox Church's exclusive competence on this issue". The canonical Ukrainian Orthodox Church rejected these overtures, noting its universal recognition as sole canonical authority on the territory of Ukraine and the political nature of the proposed council. Constantinople ignored this, "reinstated" Filaret as a bishop and facilitated the convening of a unification council. In December 2018, the unification council of the Eastern Orthodox churches of Ukraine decided to unite the UOC-KP with the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC), creating the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (OCU) which was subsequently granted autocephaly by the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople in January 2019.

A conflict between Filaret and Epiphanius, the Metropolitan of the OCU following the December 2018 unification council, erupted and resulted in Filaret claiming continuation of the UOC-KP on 20 June 2019. The UOC-KP is not currently recognized by, or in communion with any of the mainstream Orthodox churches that are members of Eastern Orthodoxy. The OCU is recognized by only four of the fourteen universally recognized autocephalous churches (the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, the Church of Greece, and the Church of Cyprus).