Tsardom of Russia
Tsardom of Russia Русское царство | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1547–1721 | |||||||||
Territory of Russia in 1500 1600 and 1700 | |||||||||
| Capital | Moscow (1547–1712) Saint Petersburg (1712–1721) | ||||||||
| Official languages | Russian (Middle Russian) | ||||||||
| Religion | Russian Orthodoxy (official) | ||||||||
| Demonym | Russian | ||||||||
| Government | Absolute monarchy | ||||||||
| Tsar | |||||||||
• 1547–1584 | Ivan IV (first) | ||||||||
• 1682–1721 | Peter I (last) | ||||||||
| Legislature | Boyar Duma (1547–1549; 1684–1711) Zemsky Sobor (1549–1684) Governing Senate (1711–1721) | ||||||||
| Historical era | Early modern period | ||||||||
• Coronation of Ivan IV | 16 January 1547 | ||||||||
| 1558–1583 | |||||||||
| 1598–1613 | |||||||||
| 1654–1667 | |||||||||
| 1700–1721 | |||||||||
| 10 September 1721 | |||||||||
| 2 November 1721 | |||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
• 1500 | 6 million | ||||||||
• 1600 | 12 million | ||||||||
• 1646 | 14 million | ||||||||
• 1719 | 15.7 million | ||||||||
| Currency | Ruble | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.
From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire. During the Great Northern War, he implemented substantial reforms and proclaimed the Russian Empire after victory over Sweden in 1721.