Transylvanian invasion of Hungary (1644–1645)

Transylvanian invasion of Hungary
	Part of the Thirty Years' War
	; György Rákóczi, Prince of Transylvania
Date	2 February 1644 – 22 August 1645
Location	Royal Hungary, Moravia
Result	Transylvanian victory
Belligerents
Transylvania ; · Estates of Upper Hungary ; Swedish Empire; Vlachs Supported by:; Kingdom of France; Ottoman Empire	Holy Roman Empire ; Kingdom of Hungary
Commanders and leaders
George I Rákóczi; Sigismund II Rákóczi; János Kemény; Pál Bornemissza; Gábor Bakos; György Kapronczay †; Lennart Torstensson; Robert Douglas;	Ferdinand III ; Miklós Esterházy ; Ádám Forgách ; Ferenc Wesselényi; Archduke Leopold Wilhelm ; Hans Christoph Pucheim ; Johann von Götzen †;
Strength
30,000 (initial)	18,000
Casualties and losses
Unknown	Unknown

The Transylvanian invasion of Hungary (1644–1645) was the intervention of George I Rákóczi into the Thirty Years War in alliance with France and Sweden. Rákóczi successfully took over parts of Upper Hungary in 1644, but Imperial counter-attacks forced him to play defense for the rest of the year. In 1645, Sweden advanced deep into Bohemia and Moravia, urging Rákóczi to resume his advance. Transylvanians successfully linked up with the Swedes at the Siege of Brno. However, due to Ottoman pressure, Rákóczi was forced to end his campaign and agree to a separate peace with the Habsburgs. Despite their mixed military performance, in the concluding Peace of Linz Transylvania received favorable concessions. The 7 counties of Hungary previously ceded to Gábor Bethlen were ceded to Transylvania once more, and the rights of protestants in Hungary were guaranteed.