Transvaginal mesh

Transvaginal mesh, also known as vaginal mesh implant, is a net-like surgical tool that is used to treat pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) among female patients. The surgical mesh is placed transvaginally to reconstruct weakened pelvic muscle walls and to support the urethra or bladder.

A number of mesh materials with varying absorbability has been explored to maximise the biocompatibility as well as the repair efficacy of mesh. Depending on the target vaginal space, the application of transvaginal mesh differs in terms of mesh shape, surgical incision and the position of mesh.

Since 2019, transvaginal mesh has been banned by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) due to the high prevalence of complications, including mesh erosion, pain and pelvic infection. Complications may arise from concomitant surgery and inappropriate surgical techniques, while they can also be prevented with uterus preservation. Transvaginal mesh was once used widely for nearly 25% of prolapse interventions until the FDA ban, yet approximately 1 out of 15 patients required a mesh removal in the past decade.

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