Tikal–Calakmul wars

Tikal–Calakmul Wars

One of the first battles in the war between Bonampak and Yaxchilan is elaborately painted at Bonampak
Date537–838
(9.15.5.7.19 – 10.0.7.16.9 on the Maya calendar)
Location
Result Various changes in the political boundaries of the Maya region, may have contributed to the collapse of Maya civilization.
Belligerents

Mutul kingdom:
Tikal


Tikal-affiliated city-states:
Copán
Dos Pilas (until 648)
Rio Azul

Kaan kingdom
Dzibanche
Calakmul


Dzibanche / Calakmul-affiliated city-states:
Caracol
Quiriguá
Naranjo
El Zotz
El Perú
La Corona
Dos Pilas (from 648)
Uxul
Los Alacranes
others
Third-party factions:
Yaxchilan
El Palma

The Tikal–Calakmul wars were a series of wars that took place during the Classic period of the Maya civilization between the Kaanu'l dynasty of Dzibanche, later settled in Calakmul, against the city of Tikal for political and commercial control of the Maya Lowlands region. Other cities such as El Caracol, Dos Pilas, Naranjo, El Perú, Piedras Negras and Quiriguá were also directly involved in these wars as allies of Calakmul, as well as brief independent roles that had sites like Yaxchilan, Bonampak, and El Palma.

These were the most significant wars of the Classic period of the Maya civilization and those that defined the complex geopolitical landscape between the 6th and 8th centuries; their consequences are attributed as one of the main factors that led to the Maya collapse.