Terrorism in Australia

Terrorism in Australia deals with terrorist acts in Australia as well as steps taken by the Australian government to counter the threat of terrorism. In 2004 the Australian government has identified transnational terrorism as also a threat to Australia and to Australian citizens overseas. Australia has experienced acts of modern terrorism since the 1960s, while the federal parliament, since the 1970s, has enacted legislation seeking to target terrorism.

Terrorism is defined as "an action or threat of action where the action causes certain defined forms of harm or interference and the action is done or the threat is made with the intention of advancing a political, religious and ideological or group cause".

The 2020s have seen a notable resurgence in terrorism in Australia. The current Australian National Terrorism Threat Level is set to probable. In 2024, the Australian government accused the government of Iran of state sponsored terrorism, for allegedly organising two arson attacks in Melbourne, against a kosher restaurant and a synagogue. On 14 December 2025, two gunmen motivated by the Islamic State committed a mass shooting at Bondi Beach, killing 15 people at a Hanukkah celebration. This terrorist attack specifically motivated the National Cabinet to agree on further gun restrictions in Australia.