Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic
| 1929–1991 | |||||||||
Flag
(from 1953) State emblem
(from 1940) | |||||||||
| Motto: Пролетарҳои ҳамаи мамлакатҳо, як шавед! (Tajik) Proletarhoi hamai mamlakatho, yak şaved! (transliteration) "Proletarians of all nations, unite!" | |||||||||
| Anthem: Гимни Республикаи Советии Сотсиалистии Тоҷикистон (Tajik) Gimni Respublikai Sovetii Sotsialistii Toçikiston (transliteration) "Anthem of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic" | |||||||||
Location of Tajikistan (red) within the Soviet Union | |||||||||
| Status | 1929–1990: Union republic of the Soviet Union 1990–1991: Union Republic with priority of the Tajik legislation September–December 1991: De facto independent state | ||||||||
| Capital and largest city | Dushanbea | ||||||||
| Official languages | Tajik · Russian | ||||||||
| Religion | State atheism | ||||||||
| Demonyms | Tajik Soviet | ||||||||
| Government | Unitary communist state (1929–1990) Unitary presidential republic (1990–1991) | ||||||||
| First Secretary | |||||||||
• 1929–1933 (first) | Mirza Davud Huseynov | ||||||||
• 1985–1991 (last) | Qahhor Mahkamov | ||||||||
| Head of state | |||||||||
• 1929–1933 (first) | Nusratullo Maksum | ||||||||
• 1991 (last) | Rahmon Nabiyev | ||||||||
| Head of government | |||||||||
• 1929–1933 (first) | Abdurrahim Hojibayev | ||||||||
• 1986–1991 (last) | Izatullo Khayoyev | ||||||||
| Legislature | Supreme Soviet | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Union republic proclaimed | 5 December 1929 | ||||||||
• Name adopted | 5 December 1936 | ||||||||
| 12 February 1990 | |||||||||
| 24 August 1990 | |||||||||
• Renamed to the Republic of Tajikistan | 31 August 1991 | ||||||||
| 9 September 1991 | |||||||||
• Independence recognized | 26 December 1991 | ||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
• 1989 census | 5,108,576 | ||||||||
| HDI () | 0.258 low | ||||||||
| Currency | Soviet ruble (Rbl) (SUR) | ||||||||
| Calling code | +7 377/379 | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Tajikistan | ||||||||
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| Eastern Bloc |
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| History of Tajikistan |
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| Timeline |
| Tajikistan portal |
The Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, also commonly known as Soviet Tajikistan, the Tajik SSR, TaSSR, or simply Tajikistan, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union which existed from 1929 to 1991 in Central Asia.
The Tajik Republic was created on 5 December 1929 as a national entity for the Tajik people within the Soviet Union. It succeeded the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik SSR), which had been created on 14 October 1924 as a part of the predominantly Turkic Uzbek SSR in the process of national delimitation in Soviet Central Asia. On 24 August 1990, the Tajik SSR declared sovereignty in its borders. The republic was renamed the Republic of Tajikistan on 31 August 1991 and declared its independence from the disintegrating Soviet Union on 9 September 1991; thus modern Tajikistan is its direct legal successor state.
Geographically, at 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi), it was bordered by Afghanistan to the south, China to the east, Pakistan to the south, separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor, as well as internally by fellow Soviet republics of Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north. Notably, the Tajik SSR was the only republic of the Soviet Union to be separated from the Russian SFSR by more than one other republic.