Slovenia

Republic of Slovenia
Republika Slovenija (Slovene)
Anthem: Zdravljica
(English: "A Toast")
Location of Slovenia (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)

Capital
and largest city
Ljubljana
46°03′05″N 14°30′22″E / 46.05139°N 14.50611°E / 46.05139; 14.50611
Official languagesSlovene
Recognised regional languages
Religion
(2018)
  • 18.3% no religion
  • 3.9% other
Demonyms
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Nataša Pirc Musar
Robert Golob
LegislatureParliament
National Council
National Assembly
Establishment
29 October 1918
1 December 1918
19 February 1944
29 July 1944
• Independence from
Yugoslavia
25 June 1991
• Brioni Agreement
signed
7 July 1991
24 December 1991
Area
• Total
20,272 km2 (7,827 sq mi) (150th)
• Water (%)
0.7
Population
• 2023 estimate
2,130,850 (145th)
• 2002 census
1,964,036
• Density
103/km2 (266.8/sq mi) (114th)
GDP (PPP)2025 estimate
• Total
$122,985 billion (99th)
• Per capita
$57,716 (36th)
GDP (nominal)2025 estimate
• Total
$79,222 billion (86th)
• Per capita
$37,178 (36th)
Gini (2023) 23.4
low inequality
HDI (2023) 0.931
very high (21st)
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd. mm. yyyy (Slovene)
dd/mm/yyyy (Italian)
yyyy. mm. dd. (Hungarian)
Calling code+386
ISO 3166 codeSI
Internet TLD.si

Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia, is a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It borders Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, and Croatia to the south and southeast; its southwestern boundary consists of a 46.6 km (29.0 mi) coastline on the Adriatic Sea. Slovenia is mostly mountainous and forested, covers 20,271 square kilometres (7,827 sq mi), and has a population of approximately 2.1 million people. Slovene is the official language. Slovenia has a predominantly temperate continental climate, with the exception of the Slovene Littoral and the Julian Alps. Ljubljana, the capital and largest city of Slovenia, is geographically situated near the centre of the country. Other larger urban centers include Maribor, Ptuj, Kranj, Celje, and Koper.

Slovenia's territory has been part of many different states, including the Roman Empire, the Western Roman Empire, the Carolingian Empire, the Holy Roman Empire, the Kingdom of Hungary, the Republic of Venice, the Habsburg Empire, the Illyrian Provinces of Napoleon's First French Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was formed in December 1918; in 1929, the Kingdom became known as Yugoslavia. In 1946, after World War II, Slovenia was established as one of six republics that made up the Socialist Federation of Yugoslavia. Slovenia was formed in June 1991, when the country declared independence from Yugoslavia and became an independent sovereign state.

Slovenia is a developed country, with a high-income economy characterized by a mixture of both traditional industries, such as manufacturing and agriculture, and modern sectors, such as information technology and financial services. The economy is highly dependent on foreign trade, with exports accounting for a significant portion of the country's GDP. Slovenia is a member of the Council of Europe, the European Union, the United Nations, NATO, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, and other associations in the global community.