Shark barrier

A shark barrier (otherwise known as a "shark-proof enclosure" or "beach enclosure") is seabed-to-surface protective barrier that is placed around a beach to protect people from shark attacks. Often confused with shark nets, shark barriers form a fully enclosed swimming area that prevents sharks from entering (nets aim to reduce shark populations). Shark barrier design has evolved from rudimentary fencing materials to netted structures held in place with buoys and anchors. Recent designs have used plastics to increase strength, versatility and to reduce the environmental damage of bycatch.

While highly criticised, shark nets are common in Australia and South Africa. In contrast, Hong Kong invented the shark prevention net in the early-1990s in response to a series of fatal shark attacks between 1991 and 1995. The net, which blocks sharks from entering swimming areas from the seabed to the surface, is environmentally friendly, significantly reduces bycatch, and is resistant to strong typhoons. They were installed on all the gazetted beaches. While the cost is efficient in Hong Kong, it could be prohibitive for the extensive beaches in Australia and South Africa.