Avelia Horizon

TGV M
Avelia Horizon
Avelia Horizon TGV M 997 in Gare de Lyon station
ManufacturerAlstom
Built atLa Rochelle (Aytré) / Belfort
Family nameAvelia
Constructed2020–
Number under construction130 (SNCF Voyageurs);
12 (Proxima);
18 (ONCF);
30 (Eurostar)
Formation2 power cars + 7-9 passenger cars
Operators
  • SNCF Voyageurs
  • Proxima
  • ONCF
  • Eurostar
Specifications
Car body constructionAluminium
Train lengthUp to 202 m (663 ft)
Width2.9 or 3.2 m (9.5 or 10.5 ft)
Height4.32 or 4.7 m (14.2 or 15.4 ft)
Floor height~430 mm (17 in)
Platform height127–550 mm (5.0–21.7 in)
Maximum speed
  • Service:
  • 320 km/h (200 mph)
  • Design:
  • 350 km/h (217 mph)
Traction systemAlstom IGBT–VVVF
Power output7.8 MW (10,500 hp)
TransmissionAC-DC-AC
Electric systems
Current collectionPantograph, 2 per power car
Braking systemsDynamic and regenerative (power cars)
Electro-pneumatic disk and tread (trainset)
Safety systemsETCS, TVM, KVB
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge

The Avelia Horizon, called TGV M ("M" for modular) by its main customer, SNCF Voyageurs, is a high-speed passenger train designed and produced by Alstom. It has a broadly similar design to the TGV Duplex sets, with double-decker coaches and a push–pull configuration with a power car on either end. However, it is more energy efficient and provides lower operating costs.

Development of the TGV M originated with SNCF Mobilités's launch of a program to procure a new generation of high-speed trains in 2015. In May 2016, the Alstom-headed Speedinnov joint venture was selected as the winning bidder for the program; on 7 September 2016, SNCF and Alstom signed an agreement to design and build the new trains. In July 2018, SNCF Mobilités placed an initial €2.7 billion order for 100 Avelia Horizon trainsets. Production of the first bodyshells commenced in mid-2020; two years later, dynamic testing was underway. In August 2022, SNCF Voyageurs announced that it had exercised an option for 15 additional quad-current Avelia Horizon trainsets for international services valued at €590 million. In January 2026, SNCF Voyageurs exercised a further option for 15 additional quad-current trainsets for services to Brussels, valued at approximately €600 million.

The TGV M is expected to enter service with the French train operator SNCF Voyageurs in TGV service in April 2026; deliveries will continue into the 2030s. In 2023, SNCF Voyageurs labelled the train as TGV InOui 2025. Versions of the Avelia Horizon have also been ordered by French private operator Proxima, Morocco's national railway operator ONCF, and Eurostar (Thalys).