Rapier

Rapier/Espada ropera
Espada ropera, first half of the 17th century
TypeSword
Place of originSpain (espada ropera) and Italy (spada da lato-striscia)
Production history
DesignedAround c. 1540
Specifications
MassAvg. 1 kg (2.2 lb)
Blade lengthAvg. 104 cm (41 in)
WidthAvg. 2.5 cm (0.98 in) to sharp point

Blade typeSingle- or double-edged, straight blade
Hilt typeComplex, protective hilt

A rapier (/ˈrpiər/) is a type of sword originally used in Spain (known as espada ropera, 'dress sword') and Italy (known as spada da lato a striscia). The name designates a sword with a straight, slender and sharply pointed two-edged long blade wielded in one hand. Known for its elegant design and intricate hilt, it was widely popular in Western Europe throughout the 16th and 17th centuries as a symbol of nobility or gentleman status.

As fencing spread throughout Western Europe, important sources for rapier fencing arose in Spain, known under the term destreza ("dexterity"), in Italy and France. The French small sword or court sword of the 18th century was a direct continuation of this tradition of fencing.

Rapier fencing forms part of Historical European Martial Arts. The rapier has also been widely used in theatrical productions and films. The Society of American Fight Directors recognizes rapier and dagger as one of the eight main weapon disciplines of stage combat.