Puxian Wannu

Púxiān Wànnú (simplified Chinese: 蒲鲜万奴; traditional Chinese: 蒲鮮萬奴; Wade–Giles: P'u-hsien Wan-nu) was a Jurchen warlord who established the short-lived Eastern Xia dynasty in 13th-century China.

In his early career he served in the Jin (金) as Director of the Shangjiu Bureau (尚厩局), overseeing horse administration. For his military merits, he was appointed as Pacification Commissioner of Liaodong (遼東宣撫使), entrusted with the defense of the region.

In 1211 the Jin army was defeated by the southward Mongol forces at Yehu Ridge (野狐嶺), and in 1215 Zhongdu fell, the situation of the Jin state deteriorating sharply. Wannu then seized the chance to declare independence in Liaodong, founding a state called Great Zhen (大真) and taking the title of Heavenly King (天王). Later he declared himself emperor, changed the state name to Xia (夏), also known as Eastern Xia (東夏), and fought against the Khitan, the Mongols, Goryeo, and Jurchen groups that remained loyal to Jin.

In 1233, during the Mongol campaign against Goryeo, Prince Güyük led a large army that took five Eastern Xia capitals in succession. Puxian Wannu was captured while fleeing and was executed on the spot.

Púxiān Wànnú is also mentioned under the name fūjīū tāīīshī (Persian: فوجیو تاییشی) in Persian historical sources such as the Jami' al-tawarikh.